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Metadata-Version: 2.1
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Name: tomli
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Version: 2.0.1
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Summary: A lil' TOML parser
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Keywords: toml
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Author-email: Taneli Hukkinen <hukkin@users.noreply.github.com>
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Requires-Python: >=3.7
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Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
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Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
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Classifier: Operating System :: MacOS
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Classifier: Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows
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Classifier: Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
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Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
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Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
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Classifier: Typing :: Typed
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Project-URL: Changelog, https://github.com/hukkin/tomli/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
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Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/hukkin/tomli
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[](https://github.com/hukkin/tomli/actions?query=workflow%3ATests+branch%3Amaster+event%3Apush)
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[](https://codecov.io/gh/hukkin/tomli)
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[](https://pypi.org/project/tomli)
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# Tomli
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> A lil' TOML parser
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**Table of Contents** *generated with [mdformat-toc](https://github.com/hukkin/mdformat-toc)*
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<!-- mdformat-toc start --slug=github --maxlevel=6 --minlevel=2 -->
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- [Intro](#intro)
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- [Installation](#installation)
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- [Usage](#usage)
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- [Parse a TOML string](#parse-a-toml-string)
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- [Parse a TOML file](#parse-a-toml-file)
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- [Handle invalid TOML](#handle-invalid-toml)
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- [Construct `decimal.Decimal`s from TOML floats](#construct-decimaldecimals-from-toml-floats)
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- [FAQ](#faq)
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- [Why this parser?](#why-this-parser)
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- [Is comment preserving round-trip parsing supported?](#is-comment-preserving-round-trip-parsing-supported)
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- [Is there a `dumps`, `write` or `encode` function?](#is-there-a-dumps-write-or-encode-function)
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- [How do TOML types map into Python types?](#how-do-toml-types-map-into-python-types)
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- [Performance](#performance)
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<!-- mdformat-toc end -->
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## Intro<a name="intro"></a>
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Tomli is a Python library for parsing [TOML](https://toml.io).
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Tomli is fully compatible with [TOML v1.0.0](https://toml.io/en/v1.0.0).
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## Installation<a name="installation"></a>
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```bash
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pip install tomli
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```
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## Usage<a name="usage"></a>
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### Parse a TOML string<a name="parse-a-toml-string"></a>
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```python
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import tomli
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toml_str = """
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gretzky = 99
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[kurri]
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jari = 17
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"""
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toml_dict = tomli.loads(toml_str)
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assert toml_dict == {"gretzky": 99, "kurri": {"jari": 17}}
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```
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### Parse a TOML file<a name="parse-a-toml-file"></a>
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```python
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import tomli
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with open("path_to_file/conf.toml", "rb") as f:
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toml_dict = tomli.load(f)
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```
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The file must be opened in binary mode (with the `"rb"` flag).
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Binary mode will enforce decoding the file as UTF-8 with universal newlines disabled,
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both of which are required to correctly parse TOML.
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### Handle invalid TOML<a name="handle-invalid-toml"></a>
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```python
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import tomli
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try:
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toml_dict = tomli.loads("]] this is invalid TOML [[")
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except tomli.TOMLDecodeError:
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print("Yep, definitely not valid.")
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```
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Note that error messages are considered informational only.
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They should not be assumed to stay constant across Tomli versions.
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### Construct `decimal.Decimal`s from TOML floats<a name="construct-decimaldecimals-from-toml-floats"></a>
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```python
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from decimal import Decimal
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import tomli
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toml_dict = tomli.loads("precision-matters = 0.982492", parse_float=Decimal)
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assert toml_dict["precision-matters"] == Decimal("0.982492")
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```
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Note that `decimal.Decimal` can be replaced with another callable that converts a TOML float from string to a Python type.
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The `decimal.Decimal` is, however, a practical choice for use cases where float inaccuracies can not be tolerated.
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Illegal types are `dict` and `list`, and their subtypes.
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A `ValueError` will be raised if `parse_float` produces illegal types.
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## FAQ<a name="faq"></a>
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### Why this parser?<a name="why-this-parser"></a>
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- it's lil'
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- pure Python with zero dependencies
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- the fastest pure Python parser [\*](#performance):
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15x as fast as [tomlkit](https://pypi.org/project/tomlkit/),
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2.4x as fast as [toml](https://pypi.org/project/toml/)
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- outputs [basic data types](#how-do-toml-types-map-into-python-types) only
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- 100% spec compliant: passes all tests in
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[a test set](https://github.com/toml-lang/compliance/pull/8)
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soon to be merged to the official
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[compliance tests for TOML](https://github.com/toml-lang/compliance)
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repository
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- thoroughly tested: 100% branch coverage
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### Is comment preserving round-trip parsing supported?<a name="is-comment-preserving-round-trip-parsing-supported"></a>
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No.
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The `tomli.loads` function returns a plain `dict` that is populated with builtin types and types from the standard library only.
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Preserving comments requires a custom type to be returned so will not be supported,
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at least not by the `tomli.loads` and `tomli.load` functions.
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Look into [TOML Kit](https://github.com/sdispater/tomlkit) if preservation of style is what you need.
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### Is there a `dumps`, `write` or `encode` function?<a name="is-there-a-dumps-write-or-encode-function"></a>
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[Tomli-W](https://github.com/hukkin/tomli-w) is the write-only counterpart of Tomli, providing `dump` and `dumps` functions.
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The core library does not include write capability, as most TOML use cases are read-only, and Tomli intends to be minimal.
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### How do TOML types map into Python types?<a name="how-do-toml-types-map-into-python-types"></a>
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| TOML type | Python type | Details |
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| ---------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| Document Root | `dict` | |
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| Key | `str` | |
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| String | `str` | |
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| Integer | `int` | |
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| Float | `float` | |
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| Boolean | `bool` | |
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| Offset Date-Time | `datetime.datetime` | `tzinfo` attribute set to an instance of `datetime.timezone` |
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| Local Date-Time | `datetime.datetime` | `tzinfo` attribute set to `None` |
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| Local Date | `datetime.date` | |
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| Local Time | `datetime.time` | |
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| Array | `list` | |
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| Table | `dict` | |
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| Inline Table | `dict` | |
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## Performance<a name="performance"></a>
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The `benchmark/` folder in this repository contains a performance benchmark for comparing the various Python TOML parsers.
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The benchmark can be run with `tox -e benchmark-pypi`.
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Running the benchmark on my personal computer output the following:
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```console
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foo@bar:~/dev/tomli$ tox -e benchmark-pypi
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benchmark-pypi installed: attrs==19.3.0,click==7.1.2,pytomlpp==1.0.2,qtoml==0.3.0,rtoml==0.7.0,toml==0.10.2,tomli==1.1.0,tomlkit==0.7.2
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benchmark-pypi run-test-pre: PYTHONHASHSEED='2658546909'
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benchmark-pypi run-test: commands[0] | python -c 'import datetime; print(datetime.date.today())'
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2021-07-23
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benchmark-pypi run-test: commands[1] | python --version
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Python 3.8.10
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benchmark-pypi run-test: commands[2] | python benchmark/run.py
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Parsing data.toml 5000 times:
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------------------------------------------------------
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parser | exec time | performance (more is better)
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-----------+------------+-----------------------------
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rtoml | 0.901 s | baseline (100%)
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pytomlpp | 1.08 s | 83.15%
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tomli | 3.89 s | 23.15%
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toml | 9.36 s | 9.63%
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qtoml | 11.5 s | 7.82%
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tomlkit | 56.8 s | 1.59%
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```
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The parsers are ordered from fastest to slowest, using the fastest parser as baseline.
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Tomli performed the best out of all pure Python TOML parsers,
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losing only to pytomlpp (wraps C++) and rtoml (wraps Rust).
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Isaac Shoebottom