diff --git a/.obsidian/workspace.json b/.obsidian/workspace.json index cfb7ae4..b82db1f 100644 --- a/.obsidian/workspace.json +++ b/.obsidian/workspace.json @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ "state": { "type": "markdown", "state": { - "file": "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1451/In class notes.md", + "file": "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md", "mode": "source", "source": false }, @@ -165,8 +165,8 @@ }, "active": "9191391a49dbaeb6", "lastOpenFiles": [ - "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md", "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1451/In class notes.md", + "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md", "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/MAAC3113/In class notes.md", "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/Module 2 - Reading 1.md", "UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/CS3113/Midterm 1 Review.md", diff --git a/UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md b/UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md index 73b32d7..03139bf 100644 --- a/UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md +++ b/UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md @@ -414,12 +414,72 @@ Many ways: - Spain - England ## New Worlds -- Early portuese expeditions - - Prince henry the navigator - - The port of lisbon +- Early Portuguese expeditions + - Prince Henry the navigator + - The port of Lisbon - Motivations include trade, religion, exploration, expansion - Caravel - advances in boat technology and construction - Christopher Columbus - - Made four voyages, landed in Guanahani / San Salvador on oct 12 1492 - - Goal to discover sea route to India, which is why he called people indians - - \ No newline at end of file + - Made four voyages, landed in Guanahani / San Salvador on Oct 12 1492 + - Goal to discover sea route to India, which is why he called people Indians +## Slave Trade +### Colombian Exchange +- The movements ... +### Migration +- Voluntary vs Involuntary +- After 1500, the majority of people who crossed the Atlantic were enslaved Africans +- Trans-Atlantic slave trade +### Slavery +- People as property +- Legal status: condition of unfreedom +- Violence, exploitation, family separation +- Captivity, birth +- Ownership, sale +- Forced labor,, production, economy +- Ancient. Ongoing +- Language: Slave/Enslaved person +### Mediterranean Slavery +- Ancient World + - Roman Empire + - Slave societies - dependence on slave labor +- Medieval world + - Christian and Islamic + - Societies with slaves - slavery was accepted and common, but economies not dependent on slave labor +### Portuguese Age of Sale +- Elmina (1482) +- Trans Atlantic slave trade + - 15-19th centuries, 1525: First ship to America + - Peak in 1780s + - 1866: Last ship + - 12.5 million African people captured + - 10.7 million survived the middle passage + - https://www.slavevoyages.org + - The middle passage + - Forced ocean journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas + - 1-3 months at sea + - floating tombs + - High death rate (10%-20%) + - Baptisms at Portuguese forts + - Trauma, violence + - Disease, malnutrition + - Impact on African Societies + - Violence, Trauma, Death + - Massive population loss + - Gender imbalance, more men taken in slave trades + - Family separation + - Some rulers profited + - Long-term instability + - European political and economic power were built on the labor of enslaved people + - Sugar cane production, Brazil, 17th century + - Very dangerous labor + - Cocoa +### Slavery and Resistance +- Violent Rebellion +- Desertion, "marronage" + - "From the earliest time in which Africans were brought forcibly to the New World they resisted bondage by flight, or marronage" +- Runaway communities +- Sabotage, property destruction +- "Foot dragging" +- Judicial action + - Petitions, lawsuits, appeals + - Purchase, legal manumission, freedom