2024-10-28 14:11:30

.obsidian/workspace.json

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
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@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@
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UNB/Year 5/Semester 1/HIST1001/In class notes.md

@@ -414,12 +414,72 @@ Many ways:
 - Spain
 - England
 ## New Worlds
-- Early portuese expeditions
-	- Prince henry the navigator
-	- The port of lisbon
+- Early Portuguese expeditions
+	- Prince Henry the navigator
+	- The port of Lisbon
 	- Motivations include trade, religion, exploration, expansion
 	- Caravel - advances in boat technology and construction
 - Christopher Columbus
-	- Made four voyages, landed in Guanahani / San Salvador on oct 12 1492
-	- Goal to discover sea route to India, which is why he called people indians
-	- 
+	- Made four voyages, landed in Guanahani / San Salvador on Oct 12 1492
+	- Goal to discover sea route to India, which is why he called people Indians
+## Slave Trade
+### Colombian Exchange
+- The movements ... 
+### Migration
+- Voluntary vs Involuntary
+- After 1500, the majority of people who crossed the Atlantic were enslaved Africans
+- Trans-Atlantic slave trade
+### Slavery
+- People as property
+- Legal status: condition of unfreedom
+- Violence, exploitation, family separation
+- Captivity, birth
+- Ownership, sale
+- Forced labor,, production, economy
+- Ancient. Ongoing
+- Language: Slave/Enslaved person
+### Mediterranean Slavery
+- Ancient World
+	- Roman Empire
+	- Slave societies - dependence on slave labor
+- Medieval world
+	- Christian and Islamic
+	- Societies with slaves - slavery was accepted and common, but economies not dependent on slave labor
+### Portuguese Age of Sale
+- Elmina (1482)
+- Trans Atlantic slave trade
+	- 15-19th centuries, 1525: First ship to America
+	- Peak in 1780s
+	- 1866: Last ship
+	- 12.5 million African people captured
+	- 10.7 million survived the middle passage
+	- https://www.slavevoyages.org
+	- The middle passage
+		- Forced ocean journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas
+		- 1-3 months at sea
+		- floating tombs
+		- High death rate (10%-20%)
+		- Baptisms at Portuguese forts
+		- Trauma, violence
+		- Disease, malnutrition
+	- Impact on African Societies
+		- Violence, Trauma, Death
+		- Massive population loss
+		- Gender imbalance, more men taken in slave trades
+		- Family separation
+		- Some rulers profited
+		- Long-term instability
+	- European political and economic power were built on the labor of enslaved people
+	- Sugar cane production, Brazil, 17th century
+		- Very dangerous labor
+	- Cocoa
+### Slavery and Resistance
+- Violent Rebellion
+- Desertion, "marronage"
+	- "From the earliest time in which Africans were brought forcibly to the New World they resisted bondage by flight, or marronage"
+- Runaway communities
+- Sabotage, property destruction
+- "Foot dragging"
+- Judicial action
+	- Petitions, lawsuits, appeals
+	- Purchase, legal manumission, freedom